chemistryTopic 7 · Organic ChemistryPaper 2Grades 8–9

Which route should supply sustainable aviation fuel?

Starting scenario

Route A cracks long-chain hydrocarbons from crude oil and gives 78% useful fuel. Route B ferments waste biomass to ethanol, then converts it to fuel at 61% yield. Route B uses renewable feedstock but requires distillation; Route A has higher lifecycle carbon emissions.

You will work through 8 staged questions that build up the science you need. Then you will answer one big-picture question from memory, with no checklist to help you — and only afterwards will the full connection map be revealed.