biologyRP2 · Infection and ResponsePaper 1Separate only

Microbiology: antibiotics and antiseptics

Method overview

Use aseptic technique to spread bacteria evenly on sterile agar. Add equally sized antimicrobial discs with sterile forceps, include a sterile-water control, tape the lid at a few points, incubate inverted at 25°C in school laboratories, then measure inhibition zones without opening.

Apparatus set-up

Diagram
Agar plate + paper discs
Sterile flame technique
Measure inhibition zones

sterile agar plate; bacterial culture; sterile swab; forceps; paper discs; disinfectants/antibiotics; tape; incubator; ruler

Independent variable

type or concentration of antimicrobial

Dependent variable

diameter or area of zone of inhibition

Control variables

bacterial species; agar depth; disc size; volume/concentration; incubation time and temperature

Apparatus

sterile agar plate; bacterial culture; sterile swab; forceps; paper discs; disinfectants/antibiotics; tape; incubator; ruler

Safety

Disinfect benches, minimise lid opening, use sterile equipment, tape but do not fully seal, incubate at 25°C and do not reopen grown plates.

Scientific rationale

Aseptic technique prevents contamination; inverted incubation stops condensation dripping; 25°C reduces growth of harmful human pathogens; a control shows whether the solvent/disc affects growth.

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