physicsRP3 · ElectricityPaper 1Combined and Separate

Resistance of circuits

Method overview

Connect ammeter in series and voltmeter in parallel. Change wire length using a sliding contact, record V and I, calculate R = V/I; also compare resistor combinations in series and parallel.

Apparatus set-up

Diagram
AV
Ammeter–voltmeter circuit
Power supply
Test wire length

power supply; ammeter; voltmeter; switch; test wire; ruler; crocodile clips; resistors

Independent variable

wire length or resistor arrangement

Dependent variable

current, potential difference and resistance

Control variables

wire material/thickness; temperature; supply; contact quality

Apparatus

power supply; ammeter; voltmeter; switch; test wire; ruler; crocodile clips; resistors

Safety

Use low voltage; wire may become hot; switch off before changing circuit.

Scientific rationale

Longer wire gives more lattice interactions and larger resistance; heating changes resistance; series adds resistance while parallel provides more paths.

You will work through 12 questions across four layers — Core, Deepen, Exam and Transfer Challenge. Hints reveal in two stages, and the model answer only appears once you ask for it. Mark yourself honestly at each question so your mastery-by-skill breakdown stays accurate.