physicsRP10 · EnergyPaper 1Combined and Separate

Infrared radiation and absorption

Method overview

Heat surfaces to the same temperature, place IR detector at fixed distance and angle, record intensity for different finishes; or compare cooling of identical containers with different surfaces.

Apparatus set-up

Diagram

Leslie cube or identical surfaces; hot water; infrared detector; ruler; thermometer

Independent variable

surface colour/finish or distance

Dependent variable

infrared intensity or cooling rate

Control variables

temperature; area; distance/angle; material; room background; time

Apparatus

Leslie cube or identical surfaces; hot water; infrared detector; ruler; thermometer

Safety

Hot water/surfaces can burn; secure containers; do not overfill.

Scientific rationale

Surface finish affects emission/absorption; fixed temperature and geometry isolate emissivity; detector response depends on distance.

You will work through 12 questions across four layers — Core, Deepen, Exam and Transfer Challenge. Hints reveal in two stages, and the model answer only appears once you ask for it. Mark yourself honestly at each question so your mastery-by-skill breakdown stays accurate.